Orthoptics deals with the evaluation and treatment of patients with disorders of the visual system with an emphasis on binocular vision and eye movements. An orthopitist conduct a series of tests where, your ability to use your eyes as a pair, your ability of eyes to accommodate (the focusing ability from distance to near) and your ocular motility is assessed. Based on this assessment, therapy and eye exercises are advised. These exercises are designed to strengthen eye muscles and improve eye coordination. Orthoptists may also use other techniques, such as visual training and visual perception exercises.

Orthoptics focuses primarily on eye muscles and eye alignment, while vision therapy may address a wider range of visual problems.